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Houses can be built in a large variety of configurations. A basic division is between free-standing or Single-family houses and various types of attached or multi-user dwellings. Both may vary greatly in scale and amount of accommodation provided. Although there appear to be many different types, many of the variations listed below are purely matters of style rather than spatial arrangement or scale. Some of the terms listed are only used in some parts of the English-speaking world. == Detached single-unit housing == (詳細はA-frame: so-called because of the appearance of the structure, namely steep roofline. *Addison house: a type of low-cost house with metal floors and cavity walls made of concrete blocks, mostly built in the United Kingdom and in Ireland during 1920 through 1921 to provide housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned home from the First World War. *Airey house: a type of low-cost house that was developed in the United Kingdom during in the 1940s by Sir Edwin Airey, and then widely constructed between 1945 and 1960 to provide housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned home from World War II. These are recognizable by their precast concrete columns and by their walls made of precast "ship-lap" concrete panels.〔''6172 - Investigation of Non-Traditional Concrete and Timber-Framed Properties - Structural Survey Report'', South Cambridgeshire District Council ()〕 *American Colonial: a traditional style of house that originated in the East Coast of the United States. * *Georgian Colonial * *German Colonial * *Hall and parlor house * *New England Colonial * *Spanish Colonial * *French Colonial *American Craftsman house *American Foursquare house *Assam-type House: Assam-type houses〔http://www.world-housing.net/WHEReports/wh100172.pdf〕 are commonly found in the northeastern states of India. *Barraca: a traditional style of house originated in Valencia, Spain. Is a historical farm house from the 12th century BC to the 19th century AD around said city. *Barndominium: a type of house that includes living space attached to either a workshop or a barn, typically for horses, or a large vehicle such as a recreational vehicle or a large recreational boat. *Bay-and-gable: a type of house typically found in the older areas of Toronto. *Bungalow: any simple, single-storey house without any basement. *Burmhome: any simple, single-storey house without any basement built half or more into the hill. * California Bungalow *Cape Cod: a popular design that originated in the coastal area of New England, especially in eastern Massachusetts. *Cape Dutch: popular in the Western Cape, South Africa, region. *Castle: primarily a defensive structure/dwelling built during the Dark Ages and the Middle Ages, and also during the 18th century and the 19th century. *Cave dwelling, Chinese: called a Yaodong and of two types, 1) built into rock on the side of a hill or 2) earth sheltered with a courtyard. *Chalet bungalow: popular in the United Kingdom, a combination of a house and a bungalow. *Chattel house: a small wooden house occupied by working-class people on Barbados. *Conch house: a vernacular style in Key West and Miami, derived from the Bahamian clapboard house. *Converted barn: an old barn converted into a house or other use *Cottage: is usually a small country dwelling, but weavers' cottages are three-storied townhouses with the top floor reserved for the working quarters. *Creole cottage: a type of house native to the Gulf Coast of the United States, roughly corresponding to the location of the former colonial settlements of the French in Louisiana, Southern Mississippi, and Lower Alabama. *Cracker house: a style of wood-framework house built rather widely in the 19th century in Florida and Southern Georgia. Note that the former Atlanta Crackers pro baseball team was named because of the many "crackers" who lived in Georgia decades ago. *Deck house: a custom-built post-and-beam house using high-quality woods and masonry. *Dogtrot house:: two houses connected by an open breezeway. *Dwór_(manor_house):: the most iconic type of house in pre-communist Poland. *Earth sheltered: houses using dirt ("earth") piled against it exterior walls for thermal mass, which reduces heat flow into or out of the house, maintaining a more steady indoor temperature. * Eyebrow house: A style of house found in Key West, Florida in which the roof overhangs the windows reducing the view, but providing more shade. * Farmhouse: the main residence house on a farm, ''or'' a house built with the same type of styling - located anywhere * Faux chateau (originating in the 1980s): a notably inflated in size and price American suburban house with ''non-contextual'' French Provençal architectural elements. * Federal * Frutighaus: A farmhouse type in the Frutigland region of Switzerland * Gablefront house (or a ''Gablefront cottage''): a generic house type that has a gable roof that faces its street or avenue.〔(Ridge Historical Society )〕 See the novel ''The House of Seven Gables'', by the American author Nathaniel Hawthorne. * Gambrel: also known as the ''Dutch Gambrel'' * Geodesic dome:: a rugged domed design, using strong metal components, that was pioneered by the architect Buckminster Fuller in the United States of America in the mid-20th century. * Georgian house: built with the style of Georgian architecture that became popular during the time of King George I through King George IV and King William IV of the United Kingdom. * Geestharden house: one of the three basic house types in Schleswig-Holstein region of Germany * Hall house: a medieval house, usually timber-framed, in which the principal room was a hall as high as the building, with the smoke from a central hearth rising through the hall. * Hanok: Korean traditional house * Hawksley BL8 bungalow: an aluminum siding-clad timber-framed house built in Great Britain mostly during the 1950s as housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned home from World War II.〔 * I-house: a traditional British folk house, which became popular in the Middle Atlantic and the Southern American Colonies before the beginning of the American Revolutionary War.〔(West Central Neighborhood Association )〕 * Igloo: an Inuit, Yup'ik, and Aleut temporary or emergency that was made of knife-sliced blocks of packed snow and/or ice in the Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Siberian Russia. * Indian vernacular * Izba: a traditional Russian wooden country house. * Kit house: a type of pre-fabricated house made of pre-cut, numbered pieces of lumber. * Konak: a type of Turkish house that was widely built during the time of the Ottoman Empire in Turkey, northern Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, northern Iraq, Macedonia etc. * Laneway house: a type of Canadian house that is constructed behind a normal single-family home that opens onto a back lane. * Link-detached: adjacent detached properties that do not have a party wall, but which are linked by their garages - and so presenting a single frontage to their street or avenue. * Linked houses: "row-houses" or "semi-detached houses" that are linked structurally only in their foundations. Above ground, these houses appear to be detached houses. Linking up their foundations cuts the cost of constructing them. * Log home, Log cabin: a house built by American, Canadian, and Russian frontiersmen and their families which was built of solid, unsquared wooden logs and later as a well crafted style of dwelling. * Lustron house: a type of prefabricated house. * Manor house: a large medieval country house, or one built later on of a similar design, which formerly was the primary dwelling of the nobleman and his family, and also the administrative hub of a Feudal manor, and which was also the lowest unit of land organization and use in the feudal system during the Dark Ages and the Middle Ages in Europe: in other words, before the ride of the Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment both of which caused the fall of the feudal system and serfdom, except in Russia, where the serfs and vassals were not set free until the second half of the 19th century (the 1850s through the 1890s). * Mansion: a quite large and usually luxurious detached house. See also: ''Manor house'', and ''Georgian House'' above * Maisonette: is flat or apartment in England, that occupies two floors of a building, and so typically has internal stairs. * McMansion: a formulaic, inflated suburban house with references to historical styles of architecture, such as Georgian architecture and the Manor House mentioned above. * Manufactured house: a prefabricated house that is assembled on the permanent site on which it will sit. * Mews property: a mews is an urban stable-block that has often been converted into residential properties. The houses may have been converted into ground floor garages with a small flat above which used to house the ostler or just a garage with no living quarters. * Microhouse: a dwelling that fulfills all the requirements of habitation (shelter, sleep, cooking, heating, toilet) in a very compact space. These are quite common in densely populated Asian countries such as Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. * Monolithic dome: a structure cast in one piece, generally made out of shotcrete inside an airform. * Microapartment: rather common in the same countries where microhouses (above) are popular. These small single-room dwellings contain a kitchen, a bathroom, a sleeping area, etc., in one place, usually in a multistorey building. * Minka A general term for traditional houses in Japan. * Mudhif: a traditional reed house made by the Madan people of Iraq. * Octagon house: a house of symmetrical octagonal floor plan, popularized briefly during the 19th century by Orson Squire Fowler. * Patio house * Pit-house: a prehistoric house type used on many continents and of many styles, partially sunken into the ground. * Plank house: A general term for houses built using planks in a variety of ways, this article as of 2012 only discusses Native American plank houses * Pole house: a timber house in which a set of vertical poles carry the load of all of its suspended floors and roof, allowing all of its walls to be non-load-bearing. * Prefabricated house: a house whose main structural sections were manufactured in a factory, and then transported to their final building site to be assembled upon a concrete foundation, which had to be poured locally. * Queenslander: a house most commonly built in the tropical areas of Australia, especially in the State of Queensland and in the Northern Territory. These are constructed on top of high concrete piers or else upon the stumps of felled trees in order to allow cooling breezes to flow beneath them, and often they have a wide veranda, or porch, that runs partially or completely the way around the house. See the ''Cracker House'', above, which was quite similar to this one. * Ranch: a rambling single-storey house, often containing a garage and sometimes constructed over a basement. * Roundhouse: a house built with a circular plan. This kind was constructed in Western Europe before the Conquest by the Roman legions. After this conquest, houses were usually built in the Roman style that came from Italy. * Saltbox: a wooden house that was widespread during Colonial Times in New England. * Split-level house: a design of house that was commonly built during the 1950s and 1960s. It has two nearly equal sections that are located on two different levels, with a short stairway in the corridor connecting them. This kind of house is quite suitable for building on slanted or hilly land. * "Sears Catalog Home": an owner-built "kit" houses that were sold by the Sears, Roebuck and Co. corporation via catalog orders from 1906 to 1940. * Shack: a small, usually rundown, wooden building. * Shotgun house: a style of house that was initially popular in New Orleans starting around 1830, and spread from there to other urban areas throughout the Southern U.S. Its peak period of popularity ran from the Civil War to the Great Depression. This house typically follows the structure of living room, bedrooms, then the bathroom, and kitchen as the last room of the house. The reason for the name is because it all sits in one straight line from front to back.〔Shotgun houses. * Single-family detached home: any free-standing house that is structurally separated from its neighboring houses, usually separated by open land, making it distinctive from such dwellings as duplexes, townhouses, and condominiums. * Souterrain: an earthen dwelling typically deriving from Neolithic Age or Bronze Age times. * Spanish Colonial Revival architecture Based on the Spanish Colonial architecture from the Spanish colonization of the Americas, the Spanish Colonial Revival style updated these forms and detailing for a new century and culture. * Stilt houses or Pile dwellings: houses raised on stilts over the surface of the soil or a body of water. * Snout house: a house with the garage door being the closest part of the dwelling to the street. * Splits * * Backsplit: multi-level house that appears as a bungalow from the front elevation. * * Frontsplit: multilevel house that appears as a two-storey house in front and a bungalow in the back. It is the opposite of a backsplit and is a rare configuration. * * Sidesplit: multi-level house where the different levels are visible from the front elevation view. * Storeybook houses: 1920s houses inspired by Hollywood set design. * Tipi * Tree house: a house built among the branches or around the trunk of one or more mature trees and does not rest on the ground. * Trullo: a traditional Apulian stone dwelling with conical roof. * Tudor Revival architecture:: modern variants of Tudor architecture. * Tuscan * Umgebinde also known as Upper Lusatian house, a unique type of combined log and timber frame construction in Germany-Czech Republic-Poland region. * Underground home: a dwelling dug and constructed underground * Unit: a type of medium-density housing that is usually found in Australia and New Zealand. * Unity house: a type of low-cost dwelling built in the United Kingdom during the 1940s and 1950s. These contain walls made of stacked concrete panels between concrete pillars. About 19,000 of these houses were constructed in the UK.〔 * Uthland-Frisian house: a sub type of Geestharden house of northwest Germany and Denmark * Vernacular house: house constructed in the manner of the aboriginal population, designed close to nature, using locally available materials. * Victorian house * Villa: originally an upper-class country house, though since its origins in Roman times the idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably. * Wealden hall house a type of vernacular medieval timber-framed yeoman's hall house traditional in the south east of England. * Wimpey house: a low-cost house built in the UK from the 1940s onwards. The walls are of no-fines concrete. About 300,000 were constructed.〔 * Yaodong: a dugout used as an abode or shelter in northern China, especially on the Loess Plateau. * Yurt: a nomadic house of Central Asia 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of house types」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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